字幕機(CG)

字幕機（Character generator），簡稱CG

字幕機（Character generator），簡稱CG，是一種用來將文字輸入於影片中的設備或軟體，最初是為了讓聾人也可以看電影而設計出來的，而後來漸漸成了電影中各種方言的最好解釋。現今的字幕機大多是以電腦使用，除可以打字幕之外，也可以打表格等。

CG (Character generator), referred to as CG, is a kind of used to the text input in the film, the equipment or software, the first is to enable deaf people can also be designed out of a movie, but then gradually became a film a variety of dialects the best explanation. Most of today's CG is based on the use of computers, in addition to subtitles, but also can play forms.

9

(9) 機器人9號
由導演Shane Acker歷時4年制作，其靈感來自於1945年歐洲的一張照片：被炮彈瞄準的街道，到處都是戰爭留下的痕跡，呈現了一個戰爭之後無人居住的死城。影片主角的設計是由拉鏈、紐扣，別針和麻布頭組成，給人一種頹廢感。故事講述主人公9和5被帶入了一個侵略者設下的陷阱當中，美麗的城鎮已經被破壞，到處是破敗不堪的場景。侵略者機器獸攻擊了兩個粗麻布制作的娃娃。為了保全大家5點燃了自己發出了燃燒的火光，向大家發出警告，告訴大家侵略者正在靠近。侵略機器人又把苗頭指向了9。在目睹了布娃娃5的慘死後，布娃娃9鼓起勇氣來獨自面對可惡的敵人。9把機械獸引入了一個陷阱中，巧妙的擊敗了對手。雖然這部短片當年沒能最後奪得奧斯卡獎，但是其夢幻的視覺效果和神話般的故事情節給人留下深刻的印像。

Directed by Shane Acker took four years of production in 1945, inspired by a photograph in Europe: The shells targeted the streets everywhere the imprint of the war, presents a dead city after the war uninhabited. Film characters was designed by zippers, buttons, pins, and linen head composition, giving a sense of decadence. The story is about the hero of 9 and 5 are brought into a trap set by an aggressor among the beautiful cities and towns have been destroyed, everywhere is a dilapidated scene. Aggressors attacked the two machines beast burlap doll making. In order to preserve all five ignited the flames burning himself sent to warn us, telling us that the aggressor is close. Aggression, signs point to the 9 robots again. Having witnessed the tragic death of five after the cloth doll, cloth doll 9 courage to face alone hateful enemies. 9 mechanical beast into a trap, the clever beat his opponent. Even though this video did not last year won the Academy Award, but its fantastic visual effects and fabulous story gives leave a deep impression.

Particle system

Particle system [p'ɑrtəkəl s'ɪstəm] - 粒子系統

source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_system

The term particle system refers to a computer graphics technique to simulate certain fuzzy phenomena, which are otherwise very hard to reproduce with conventional rendering techniques. Examples of such phenomena which are commonly replicated using particle systems include fire, explosions, smoke, moving water, sparks, falling leaves, clouds, fog, snow, dust, meteor tails, hair, fur, grass, or abstract visual effects like glowing trails, magic spells, etc.

粒子系統是指一種電腦圖形技術來類比某些模糊的現象一詞，否則很難與傳統繪製技術重現。這種現象通常被覆制使用粒子系統，包括消防，如發光徑、 魔法技能等發生爆炸黑煙移動水、 火花、 落樹葉、 雲、 霧、 雪、 塵埃、 流星尾巴、 頭髮、 毛皮、 草或抽象視覺效果。

While in most cases particle systems are implemented in three dimensional graphics systems, two dimensional particle systems may also be used under some circumstances.

雖然在大多數情況下粒子系統在三個三維圖形系統中實現的也可用於兩個尺寸的粒子系統，在某些情況下。

Tire Tread Marks Animation Using Particle Flow

Tire Tread Marks Animation Using Particle Flow
輪胎踩使用微粒流程的標記動畫

Source:http://www.escalight.com/tutorials/3dsmax-tutorials/tire-tread-marks-animation-using-particle-flow.html

1. Download this file (ZIP). Open file "treadmarks_particle_start.max". This file contains a moving tank. Here I used a tank. Later you can change the tank with cars or any object with tire. Note: The tank caterpillar track is animated using technique described in Tank Caterpillar Track Animation Tutorial.In this file you can also find a treadmark object. This object is just two simple plane combined as one, representing two tread marks (left and right tire).
下載此文件（zip）。打開文件“treadmarks_particle_start.max”。此文件包含一個移動的坦克。在這裡，我使用了坦克。稍後，您可以更改缸車或任何物體的輪胎。注：坦克履帶賽道使用動畫技術describ。

2. Create PF Source icon in top viewport. In Modify tab, use Viewport Quantity Multiplier = 100% so you can view all particle in viewport. Position this icon at the middle of tank. Then, activate Select And Link tool. Link icon to tank body. Now, icon will moved together with tank.
建立公積金源在頂視圖中的圖標。在修改標籤，使用視口數量乘數 = 100％，使您可以瀏覽所有的粒子在視圖。這個圖標的位置，中間坦克。然後，選擇並激活鏈接的工具。鏈接圖標罐體。現在，圖標會提出與坦克。

3. In Left viewport, position PF icon exactly behind the tire (tank track). And make sure it is slightly above the ground (plane). You may need to zoom in.
在左視圖，位置正好公積金圖標背後的輪胎（坦克履帶）。並確保它是略高於地面（平面）。您可能需要放大英寸。



4. Open Particle View (Press 6 in keyboard). Change these values:In Birth 01 operator, enter Emit Stop=300, to make particle emits until the end of animation. For a while, leave Amount unchanged, we will adjust this value later.In Position Icon 01 operator, use Location=Pivot. Particle will be emitted at the middle of icon.Then in Speed 01 operator, use Speed=0. This value will make particle stop right ater emitted. Delete Rotation 01 operator. We don't need this operator.
打開粒子視圖（在鍵盤上按6）。更改這些值：在出生01運營商，進入發射停止= 300，使粒子發射，直到最後的動畫。有一段時間，休假金額不變，我們將調整此值後。在01位置圖標操作，使用位置=樞軸。粒子的排放量在中間的圖標。然後，在速度01運營商，使用速度= 0。此值將停止正確提爾顆粒排放。刪除旋轉 01運營商。我們不需要此操作。



5. Drag Shape Instance operator from Depot into Event 01, make sure it replaces Shape 01 operator. In Shape Instance 01 parameter, click button under Particle Geometry Object. Click "treadmark" object in viewport.In Display 01 operator change display type into Geometry. Now, you can see "treadmark" object appear as particle.
拖動形狀實例經營活動從倉庫到01，以確保它取代形狀 01運營商。在形狀實例 01參數，單擊按鈕下的粒子幾何對象。點擊“treadmark”對象口中。在顯示 01運營商轉變成幾何顯示類型。現在，你可以看到“treadmark”對象顯示為粒子。



6. Scrub slider to view the animation. Notice that, the distance between treadmarks (particle) is too narrow. In Birth 01 operator, decrease Amount to 60.
洗刷滑子觀看動畫。 注意那， treadmarks (微粒)之間的距離是太狹窄的。 在誕生01操作員，減少數額到60。


7. Congratulations. You have finished this tutorial. Video below shows sample of rendered animation.
祝賀。您已完成本教程。視頻列出了樣品呈現動畫。

IMAX

IMAX - Image MAXimum ['ɪmədʒ m'æksəməm] - 最大影像

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMAX

IMAX (short for Image MAXimum) is a motion picture film format and projection standard created by Canada's IMAX Corporation. The traditional version of IMAX has the capacity to record and display images of far greater size and resolution than conventional film systems. A standard IMAX screen is 22 metres (72 ft) wide and 16.1 metres (53 ft) high, but can vary.
IMAX（Image MAXimum) 是由加拿大的IMAX Corporation創建的一種電影電影格式和投影標準。傳統版本的IMAX有記錄並顯示圖像更大尺寸和解析度比傳統膠片系統的能力。標準的套裝螢幕 22 米 （七十二呎) 寬、 16.1 米 (53 英尺) 高，但可能會有所不同。

The world's largest cinema screen and IMAX screen is in the LG IMAX theatre in Darling Harbour, Sydney. It is 29.42m (approximately 8 stories) high by 35.73m wide — covering an area of more than 1,015 square metres.
世界上最大的電影院螢幕和套裝螢幕是在 LG 套裝劇院的達令港，悉尼。這是 29.42 m (約 8 故事) 高乘 35.73 米寬 — 面積超過 1,015 方米。

IMAX is the most widely used system for large-format, special-venue film presentations. As of April 2009, there are 320 IMAX theatres in 42 countries, with about half of these located in the United States. About 60% of IMAX venues are commercial theatres with the other 40% being located in educational venues.
套裝是最廣泛使用的系統，為大幅面、 特殊地點的電影的演示文稿。截至四月 2009，有 320 套裝劇院的 42 個國家約一半的這些設在美國。約有 60%的套裝場地是商業劇院位於教育場地的其它 40 %。

Variations of the traditional IMAX format include IMAX Dome (using a tilted dome screen) which is sometimes called OmniMAX, IMAX 3D and IMAX Digital.
傳統的套裝格式的變化包括套裝罩 （使用傾斜的圓頂的螢幕） 有時稱為 OmniMAX，套裝 3D 和套裝數位。

背景音樂(BGM)

Background music，簡稱BGM

背景音樂（Background music，簡稱BGM），也稱配樂，通常是指在電視劇、電影、動畫、電子遊戲、網站中用於調節氣氛的一種音樂，插入於對話之中，能夠增強情感的表達，達到一種讓觀眾身歷其境的感受。另外，在一些公共場合（如酒吧、咖啡廳、商場）播放的音樂也稱背景音樂。

Background Music (Background music, referred to as BGM), also known as the soundtrack, usually refers to TV shows, movies, animation, electronic games, the site for regulating the atmosphere of a music, insert in its dialogue can enhance the expression of emotion, to a means of allowing the audience an immersive feel. In addition, in some public places (such as bars, cafes, shopping malls) where music is also known as background music.

片尾曲(ED)

Ending Theme/Song

片尾曲（エンディングテーマ/ソング， Ending Theme/Song， 簡稱ED），電視劇、電視動畫中劇末出現（但常在下集預告或是一些特別畫面前，有些時候是直接疊在本片最後一兩秒後開始播放，如機動戰士鋼彈 SEED系列），有時數目會多於一首歌。在隨後發行的原聲CD、及動畫資料中會以ED1、ED2或片尾曲一、片尾曲二等來表示。片尾曲的數目通常比片頭曲多。片尾曲中常表示的訊息有演員或配音員、編劇或腳本、電視劇幕後工作人員或動畫原畫及動畫製作人員、相關公司成員、鳴謝機構或人士、片尾曲詞曲歌手等。這些只是常例，依作品會有不同情形，片曲的情況和片頭一樣，也會使用個一季到兩季後就換歌曲。

此外，部分電視公司常將外購電視劇或動畫的片尾曲其剪片，或是不播出，情形較多。

[Edit] Pianwei Qu
Pianwei Qu (エンディンマー¥ ° Te /ソン¥ °, Ending Theme / Song, referred to as ED), television dramas, TV animation in the late drama (but often in the next set of notice, or some special pre-screen, sometimes directly stacked the final 12 seconds in the film begin playing, such as the Mobile Suit Gundam SEED series), and sometimes the number of more than one song. In the next issue of acoustic CD, and animation information will ED1, ED2, or Pianwei Qu 1, Pianwei Qu second-class to represent. The number of Pianwei Qu is usually more than the Opening theme. Pianwei Qu said frequently there are actors or voice message to a member or script writers, television dramas behind the scenes staff or animation of the original painting and animation production staff, relevant members of the company, thanks organization or person Pianwei Qu songwriters singers. These are just common practice, according to work will be different circumstances, conditions and片头Pianwei Qu, as will also use a quarter to two quarters after the change songs.

In addition, some television companies often will outsource its Pianwei Qu drama or animation, cut film, or not broadcast, the situation more.

Evangelion 2.0 - you can (not) Advance

Source:http://ent.msn.com.tw/movie/story.aspx?id=1030

日本超人氣動畫【福音戰士新劇場版：破】在日一推出，造成轟動，連續榮登兩週票房冠軍。上映兩天突破5億日幣，上映至今天17天，動員超過100多萬人次，累績至今的票房紀錄己達20億日幣，並締造單廳最高滿座率，勢如破竹，許多動畫迷視【福音戰士新劇場版】為日本當今最偉大的動畫。

Japan's ultra-popular animation 【Evangelion: 破】 a launch in Japan, causing a sensation, a row topped the box office winner for two weeks. Released two days breaking five billion yen, released today, 17 days to mobilize the more than 100 million, and have cumulative box office records so far have reached 20 billion yen, and create a single Office of the highest sold-out rates, irresistible force , Many animation fans as the 【Evangelion】 Japan of today's greatest animation.

OVA

OVA代表作

Original Video Animation [ə'rɪdʒənļ 'vɪdɪo ænə'meʃən] 縮寫 OVA

OVA，全稱Original Video Animation或Original Visual Animation，日式英文，直譯為「原創動畫錄影帶」。起初是OAV（Original Animation Video），在月刊Newtype強力宣導下OVA成為主流，現僅剩學研系動畫雜誌等仍用OAV。 OVA本指直接發行錄影帶而非在電視、電影等媒體上播放的動畫作品，但後來LD、VCD、DV等媒體逐漸普及，所以現時OVA中的「V」已不單純指錄影帶（Video Tape），而是泛指單獨發行的動畫作品，包括後來出現的OAD（Original Anime DVD/Disc）亦屬此類。

OVA, full title Original Video Animation or Original Visual Animation, the Japanese-style English, the literal translation is “the original animation videotape”. At first is OAV (Original Animation Video), OVA becomes the mainstream under the monthly publication Newtype force guidance, presently only remains study grinds is the animation magazine and so on still used OAV.

OVA originally points to directly publish a videotape rather than on TV, movie etc. the media up broadcast of animation work, but afterwards LD, VCD and DVD etc. the media are gradually universal, so"V" in nonce OVA already not pure point a videotape(Video Tape), but the animation work that indicates generally to publish alone, OAD(Original Anime DVD/Disc) that includes to afterwards appear also belongs to this kind.

片頭曲(OP)

Opening Theme (Op) ['opənɪŋ sɔŋ]片頭曲

片頭曲（オープニングテーマ/ソング， Opening Theme/Song， 簡稱OP）是電視劇或電視動畫劇初播放的樂曲、歌曲，（但日本動畫和電視劇常在前情提要前）。數目如多於一首歌的，在隨後發行的原聲CD、及動畫資料中會以OP1、OP2或主題曲（片頭曲）一、主題曲（片頭曲）二...等來表示。部份作品的片頭曲裡會顯示原作或編劇、導演、製作、贊助商、片頭曲詞曲歌手等訊息。有些沒有片尾曲的作品，會加上腳本、聲優或演員等（因此有像ONE PIECE片頭曲一樣長達2分30秒的）。這些只是常例，依作品會有不同情形，目前一首片頭曲通常會用13～26集（一季到兩季份），超長番的話有可能持續一年。

此外，部分電視公司在播放外購電視劇或動畫時會將其剪片，或是不播出，也有轉為其他歌曲的。

Opening theme (オ プ ニ ー ー マ ン ¥ ° Te / ソ ン ¥ °, Opening Theme / Song, abbreviated OP) is a television drama or animation music broadcast in early drama, songs, (but Japanese animation and TV dramas often in the former intelligence summary ago). If the number is more than one song, and in the subsequent release of the Soundtrack CD, and animation information will OP1, OP2 or theme songs (Opening theme) a theme song (Opening theme) 2 ... and so on to represent. The Opening theme where some work will show the original or a screenwriter, director, production, sponsors, Opening theme singer songwriters such as messages. Some are not Pianwei Qu's works, add the script, Sheng You, or actor, etc. (such as ONE PIECE Opening theme is therefore the same as long as 2 minutes 30 seconds). These are just common practice, according to work will be different circumstances, an Opening theme often present in 13 to 26 sets (one quarter to two quarters of copies), ultra-long fan, then there is likely to continue for one year.

In addition, some television companies in the broadcast television or animation outsourcing will be the cut when the film, or not broadcast, but also to other songs

背景音樂

Background music ['bæk.graυnd 'mjuzɪk] 背景音樂

背景音樂（Background music，簡稱BGM），也稱配樂，通常是指在電視劇、電影、動畫、電子遊戲、網站中用於調節氣氛的一種音樂，插入於對話之中，能夠增強情感的表達，達到一種讓觀眾身歷其境的感受。另外，在一些公共場合（如酒吧、咖啡廳、商場）播放的音樂也稱背景音樂。

BGM (Background music), also known as the soundtrack, usually refers to TV shows, movies, animation, electronic games, the site for regulating the atmosphere of a music, insert in its dialogue can enhance the expression of emotion, to a means of allowing the audience an immersive feel. In addition, in some public places (such as bars, cafes, shopping malls) where music is also known as background music.

High Morale Makes Creativity Cheap.

source:http://gigaom.com/2008/04/17/pixars-brad-bird-on-fostering-innovation/

Lesson Five: High Morale Makes Creativity Cheap

The Quarterly: It sounds like you spend a fair amount of time thinking about the morale of your teams.

Brad Bird: In my experience, the thing that has the most significant impact on a movie’s budget—but never shows up in a budget—is morale. [what’s true for a movie is true for a startup!] If you have low morale, for every $1 you spend, you get about 25 cents of value. If you have high morale, for every $1 you spend, you get about $3 of value. Companies should pay much more attention to morale.

第五季刊，高士氣讓你創造不費力!

這聽起來就像是，你該花多少時間去思考關於你隊伍的士氣

在我的經驗上，有一些事情對於電影預算有很大的影響，但是士氣卻不曾在這預算中出現，什麼對初創的點影公司來說是正確的，如果你的士氣低，你製作一塊錢的東西，你只能賺回25分，如果士氣高可以賺回三塊錢的價值，公司應該去花更多的時間注意士氣。

第六季刊，不要去守護你成功。諾言，除了士氣以外還有什麼東西是最重要的，對刺激創新來說。第一步，去達成這個不可能，先去相信這件不可能的事情能達成，你的作法不需要很保守，你做一些會讓自己嚇到的事情，這些事情是在你能力上可能會失敗的邊緣，那些事情會讓你在早上起床。

How do you build and lead a team?

source:http://gigaom.com/2008/04/17/pixars-brad-bird-on-fostering-innovation/

Lesson Four: Innovation Doesn’t happen in a Vacuum

The Quarterly: How do you build and lead a team?
Brad Bird: I got everybody in a room. This was different from what the previous guy had done; he had reviewed the work in private, generated notes, and sent them to the person… I said, “Look, this is a young team. As individual animators, we all have different strengths and weaknesses, but if we can interconnect all our strengths, we are collectively the greatest animator on earth. So I want you guys to speak up and drop your drawers. We’re going to look at your scenes in front of everybody. Everyone will get humiliated and encouraged together…

第四季刊，創新不會在真空的狀態下發生你要怎麼創立

去領導這個團體，我在這個機緣之下得到每個人，這跟先前的人做法是不一樣的，他自己在回顧這項工作，做出筆記，並且把這些筆送給別人，我說:這是一個年輕的團隊，做為一個獨特的人，我們都有不同的優缺點，但是我們可以聯合我們的優點，我們互補我們的優點，我們就是世界上最強的團隊。所以我想要你們說出來並敞開心胸，我們將在眾人面前看你的內心，我們將會得到汙辱跟鼓勵...

What sorts of things did you do differently?

source:http://gigaom.com/2008/04/17/pixars-brad-bird-on-fostering-innovation/

Lesson Two: Perfect is the Enemy of Innovation

The Quarterly: What sorts of things did you do differently?
Brad Bird: I had to shake the purist out of them—essentially frighten them into realizing I was ready to use quick and dirty “cheats” to get something on screen… I’d say, “Look, I don’t have to do the water through a computer simulation program… I’m perfectly content to film a splash in a swimming pool and just composite the water in.” I never did film the pool splash [but] talking this way helped everyone understand that we didn’t have to make something that would work from every angle. Not all shots are created equal. Certain shots need to be perfect, others need to be very good, and there are some that only need to be good enough to not break the spell.

第二季刊，完美是創新的敵人。

你做了那一類(A類)的事讓你有變化?
我曾經用那一類(A類)事情動搖了這些有修辭癖的學家，我會嚇唬那些有修辭癖的學家，不論用任何手段，去驚嚇那些學家直到在螢幕上出現該有的東西，看!我不一定要經過電腦模擬的計劃去做水，我非常的滿足的在一個水花，僅僅只是一個水進入泳池濺起的水花，我從來沒有拍攝過，在泳池裡水花的飛濺，但是談論這種方法，大家都明白，我們沒有必須去做任何角度拍攝的工作，不是所有的鏡頭都是一樣的，某些鏡頭需要拍的完美，其他的鏡頭不要太over就好。

How did your first project at Pixar—The Incredibles—shake things up?

source:http://gigaom.com/2008/04/17/pixars-brad-bird-on-fostering-innovation/

Lesson One: Herd Your Black Sheep

The Quarterly: How did your first project at Pixar—The Incredibles—shake things up?
Brad Bird: I said, “Give us the black sheep. I want artists who are frustrated. I want the ones who have another way of doing things that nobody’s listening to. Give us all the guys who are probably headed out the door.” A lot of them were malcontents because they saw different ways of doing things, but there was little opportunity to try them, since the established way was working very, very well. We gave the black sheep a chance to prove their theories, and we changed the way a number of things are done here.

第一季刊，聚集你的害群之馬

你在皮克斯理地一個計畫是啥麼?-(把這些不被信任的東西混在一起)給我這些失敗的藝術家，我想要有一個創新的方法去做那些事，則那些是沒人想要聽的，把全部這類人給我，誰可帶領我們走出這扇門，不滿那些失敗者的人，他們看不慣失敗者做事的方法，儘管這些事情值得一試，自從豎立這個方法經營的非常好之後，我們給這些失敗者一個機會，去證明他們的理論，可以用新的方法去改變這些說法。

G-Force

Source：http://www.disney.com.tw/bvi/Gforce/story.html

迪士尼2009年暑假熱門電影，結合真人實景和數位老鼠所完成的作品，由迪士尼和傑瑞布洛克海默共同合作，也是首部同時推出數位3D版的迪士尼非動畫類長篇劇情片。

Disney's 2009 summer hit movie, combined with live rats completed Virtual and digital works, by Disney and Jerry Bruckheimer co-operation, but also the Department has also introduced the first digital 3D version of Disney's non-animated full-length drama class film.

為了阻止邪惡富翁統治地球的計畫，美國政府秘密將四隻天竺鼠訓練成擁有高科技裝備的特務，由隊長「Darwin」（山姆洛克威爾配音）領軍，加上性感武術高手「Juarez」（潘妮洛普克魯茲配音）、武器專家「Blaster」（Tracy Morgan配音）和擅長電腦的「Speckles」（尼可拉斯凱吉配音）等成員，一同攜手拯救世界！

In order to stop the evil plan rich rule the Earth, the U.S. government secretly trained four guinea pigs, the agents have a high-tech equipment from the captain "Darwin" (Sam Rockwell voice) leader, together with sexy martial arts master "Juarez" ( Penelope Cruz dubbing), weapons experts "Blaster" (Tracy Morgan voice), and good at computers "Speckles" (Nicolas Cage voice) and other members, join hands to save the world!

Gini

source : http://www.pixar.com/artistscorner/andrew/interview.html


How do you animate characters in the computer?The characters are built on the computer as models. These models are then given avars. Avars are the controls assigned to each part of the model. There’s avars in the face, the limbs, etc. We use these avars as a puppeteer would use the strings on a puppet to get the desired movement. The movement of each avar on a character model gets recorded on the computer in distance and time. Adjustments are made accordingly until we are satisfied with the motion of the model.

你怎麼在電腦中作動畫的？

我們的人物都是在電腦裡面建立起來的模型，這些模型之後會加avars(animation variables，類似Maya之中Channel Box裡面的參數，或是Rig)上去，avars是那些放在人物各部分上面的控制器，臉部有avars，四肢也都有avars，我們使用這些avars來控制模型，就像傀儡師用線來控制傀儡一樣，我們不斷調整動作，這些avars的數字也同時不斷被電腦紀錄下來，直到我們滿意人物的表演為止

Avars(animation variables) 動畫變量 :是指變量控制動畫對象的部分位置，例如一個角色。

Gini

source : http://www.pixar.com/artistscorner/andrew/interview.html

It sounds fast-paced.We try to be creative but also work within the schedule of the shot. A shot sheet says how many frames a shot has and how much time you have to work on it. It’s important to work within the schedule allotted because the shot usually has to go through other aspects of film production, such as special effects, lighting and shading. In order for us to be able to put our movie out in time, we have to allow for time in each aspect of the production process but sometimes there are technical difficulties that happen that we can’t anticipate.

聽起來製作的節奏很快

我們在這樣的節奏中試著保持創造力，不過當然也要能夠準時完成鏡頭，鏡頭進度表(shot sheet)上頭會寫一個鏡頭有幾格，也會寫你有多少時間可以做，要能夠準時交出完成的鏡頭是非常重要的，因為之後鏡頭還得要打光或製作特效等等。所以要能夠準時完成影片，就得控制好進度，雖然常常也會有我們無法預期的技術問題發生。

Shot sheet: 鏡頭進度表， 表示一個鏡頭會有幾格，也會顯示你有多少時間可以完成

Skeletal Animation

Source：http://www.3d-canvas.com/3DCanvasDocumentation/tutorialskeletalanimation.htm

Skeletal Animation is a technique used to pose character models. A skeleton is embedded in, and attached to, a character model. Once the skeleton is attached, the character model becomes the skin. Posing the skeleton causes the skin to be deformed to match the position of the underlying bones.
骨骼動畫是一種用於構成角色模型的技術。將骨架嵌入，並連接到一個角色模組。一旦骨骼連接，角色模組就成了這個骨架的皮膚。而這模擬出來的骨架將是這一句角色模型變型的依據。

Skeletal Animation has a major advantage over jointed models in that a one piece mesh is used, so there are no seams.
骨骼動畫是利用模組的網格去做變型，對節理模型具有顯著優勢，所以沒有接縫。

環保動畫<鐵馬少年>

Source: http://www.cyberone.tw/ItemDetailPage/MainContent/05MediaContent.aspx?MMContentNoID=56668&MMMediaType=cti_customer

從現在開始看動畫也能學習節能減碳救地球的方法！搶搭現今最夯自行車運動風潮，曼迪傳播最新代理動畫《鐵馬少年》即將在3月全台首發DVD！動畫如其名，《鐵馬少年》就是以「自行車運動」為題材，正好搭上近來最夯的節能減碳風潮。
描寫一位誤打誤撞進了自行車部的少年，以環法自行車賽世界冠軍為目標的奮鬥故事。雖然一般人或許並不需要將騎自行車作為競賽目標，但故事中對例如正確騎車的方法、甚至是車輛零件等細節都有考究描繪，對於新手入門十分有幫助，而在《鐵馬少年》中除了鼓勵大家多騎單車減碳救地球外，在那揮灑著汗水的自行車競技背後，還蘊含了一種靠自身力量來挑戰自我極限的精神力量，而這就如同呼應了人們現在雖然身陷於不景氣當中，但只要自己肯努力，莫不能夠闖出自己的一片天！準備好關注你家的自行車了嗎？三月起就跟隨著《鐵馬少年》一同熱血上路吧！

From now on, to see animation can also learn from switching to energy-saving method of the earth! Rushing to ride the current wave of cycling's most rammer, Mandy spread of the latest proxy animated 《鐵馬少年》 is about starting in March in Taiwan DVD! Animation to its name, 《鐵馬少年》 is a "bicycle movement" as the theme, just to catch the most recent wave of hot products save energy and reduce carbon.

Motion Capture

Source：http://www.metamotion.com/motion-capture/motion-capture.htm

Motion capture is defined as "The creation of a 3D representation of a live performance." in the book Understanding Motion Capture for Computer Animation and Video Games by Alberto Menache. This is in contrast to animation that is created 'by hand' through a process known as keyframing.
在書中可以了解到 Motion Capture 是用於電腦動畫以及電玩上的一種技術，他被Alberto Menache定義為"利用現場演出建立3D塑像"。相對於一般動畫製成，這是一個能利用真的"手"去揮動並且完成動畫製作。

Motion capture (AKA Mocap) used to be considered a fairly controversial tool for creating animation. In the early days, the effort required to 'clean up' motion capture data often took as long as if the animation was created by an animator, from scratch. Thanks to hard work by the manufacturers of motion capture systems as well as numerous software developers, motion capture has become a feasible tool for the generation of animation.
動作捕捉（又名Mocap）在以往製作動畫時，是個非常有爭議性的工具。在早期，這種需要努力'清理'動作捕捉數據經常發生，只要如果動畫是由一個動畫師負責，便要從頭開始。多虧了勤於動作捕捉系統以及其軟體開發的人員，動作捕捉，已成為一個廣被使用的動畫製作工具。

皮克斯動畫製作流程 2

source :http://pixar20.blogspot.com/2009/08/how-pixar-do-it.html


８.場景設定 the sets are dressed
建出3D場景之後，需安置道具，像是椅子、窗簾、玩具等，創造一個可信的世界。場景設計師會和導演緊密接觸，確保他所理解和設計的結果符合導演的構想。

After constructing the 3D scene, must place the stage prop, is likely the chair, the window, the toy and so on, creates a credible world. The scene designer can contact closely with director, guaranteed that he understands and the design result conforms to the direction conception.

９.鏡頭設定 the shots are laid out
將故事轉為3D場景，陳列人員會將角色安排至場景內，並使用虛擬攝影機拍攝不同的鏡頭，捕捉情緒氛圍和故事重點。此時通常會做出各種鏡頭版本，提供給編輯部門進行剪接，發揮整個故事的內容。一旦場景剪接完成，最終的版本便會交由動畫部門安排動作。

Transfers the 3D scene the story, will exhibit the personnel the role arrangement to the scene, and will use the hypothesized camera to photograph the different lens, the capture mood atmosphere and the story key point. This time usually will make each kind of lens edition, will provide carries on the film editing for the edition department, the display entire story content. Once the scene film editing completes, the final edition will then hand over by the animation department arranges the movement.

１０.畫面動作安排 the shot is animated
由於角色、模型、場景、對話、音效都已經設定完成，皮克斯動畫師們不需要進行任何繪圖的工作。他們就像演員或傀儡師，使用皮克斯的動畫軟體，他們安排每個場景的角色動作和臉部表情。使用電腦控制和角色控制點來定義這些關鍵姿勢，之後電腦則會自動做出關鍵影格之間的連續動作，但通常還是得經過動畫師的調整。

Because the role, the model, the scene, the dialog, the sound effect already established complete, Pike the Si animators do not need to carry on any cartography the work. They look like the actor or the puppet teacher, uses the Pike Si's animation software, they arrange each scene the role movement and the face expression. The use computer control and the role control point define these essential postures, afterward the computer automatically will make between the essential shade standard the consecutive action, but will usually undergo animator's adjustment.

１１.場景和角色著色 sets and characters are shaded
物件的形體是由模型來決定，而表面色彩和紋理則是由著色決定。著色的過程是由"shaders"完成，這個軟體程式能作出複雜的色彩變化。

The thing physique is decided by the model, but the superficial color and the texture are by the coloring decision. The coloring process is by " shaders" Completes, this software program can make the complex color change.

１２.燈光完成整個外觀 lighting completes the look
數位燈光就像舞台燈光一樣會打亮整個場景，利用主光源、補光、反射光和空間來強化各個場景的情緒和氛圍。燈光設定的靈感來源為當初藝術部門創作的彩色腳本。

Several lights will look like the stage lighting equally to hit the bright entire scene, will use the main photo source, to make up the light, the reflected light and the space strengthens each scene the mood and the atmosphere. The light hypothesis's inspiration originates the colored script which to initially the artistic department create.

１３.電腦資料算圖 the computer data is "rendered"
算圖是將所有檔案資料（包括場景、色彩、角色動作等），透過皮克斯算圖農場(Renderfarm)的電腦系統，轉換成影片中的單一影格。每一個影格代表電影中的1/24秒，算圖通常需要花費四個小時，但是有些影格甚至會耗費90小時來算。

The nomographic chart is possesses the reference material (including scene, color, role movement and so on), by Pike Si the nomographic chart farm (Renderfarm) computer system, transforms in the movie the sole shade standard. Each shade standard represents in movie's 1/24 second, the nomographic chart usually needs to spend for four hours, but some shade standard will even consume 90 hours to calculate.

１４.最後的潤飾 final touches are added
由編輯部監看成品，再加上電影配樂、其他音效和特殊效果，photoscience部門會錄下適合數位放映的格式畫面。

Supervises by the editorial department looks at the end product, in addition the movie will dub in music, other sound effect and the special effect, the photoscience department will take down suits several showing the form pictures.

從這些過程中，我們看到皮克斯的做事方式非常有計畫，通常都會訂出一個大方向，確保一部電影在經過多年的製作過程，不至於脫離主要架構。此外每一個步驟並非單向進行，而是經過不斷反覆的磨合，才能獲得最完美的結果。

From these processes, we saw Pike Si works the way to have the plan, usually can subscribe a general orientation, guaranteed that a movie is passing through many year manufacture processes, as for is not separated from the main construction. In addition each step carries on one way by no means that but is process unceasingly repeated wearing, can obtain the most perfect result.

A Christmas Carol

Source: http://www.bvi.com.tw/news.asp?n_no=145

【阿甘正傳】奧斯卡金獎導演勞勃辛密克斯是好萊塢最熱於擁抱高科技的導演，他是最早推出利用「真人捕捉」技術拍攝的電影先驅之一。今年十一月他將要推出首度與金凱瑞合作的電影【聖誕夜怪譚】，每次電影都有新花樣的勞勃辛密克斯，這回將推出影史上首度出現的「3D立體阿飄」，讓今年的聖誕節不但是提早到來，更是一個充滿阿飄的聖誕節!

從【北極特快車】開始到【貝武夫：北海的詛咒】勞勃辛密克斯導演每次都帶給觀眾最先進的視覺享受，【北極特快車】是第一部真人捕捉技術拍攝的立體電影，觀眾戴上眼鏡隨著湯姆漢克飾演的列車長以小朋友主人翁一起搭上開往北極的特快車。到了【貝武夫：北海的詛咒】勞勃辛密克斯再次以真人捕捉技術拍攝，挑戰英國文學中最古老的故事，這次他讓性感美女安琪莉娜裘莉幾乎全裸立體地出現在銀幕前。

Directed by Oscar-winning 【Forrest Gump】 Robert Zemeckis secret Fox is the hottest in Hollywood to embrace high-tech director, he was among the first to launch a "live capture" technology, films by one of the pioneers.

From【The Polar Express】Starts【BEOWULF】Director Robert Zemeckis dense gram Si each time takes to the audience the most advanced vision to enjoy,【The Polar Express】Is the first honorable person catches the technical photography the three-dimensional film, the audience puts on the eyeglasses head of train crew who plays along with Tom Hanks to make contact with together by the child host leaves for North Pole's express train. To【BEOWULF】 Robert Zemeckis dense gram Si catches the technical photography once more by the honorable person, challenges in the British literature the most ancient story, this he lets sexy beautiful woman peaceful Angelina Jolie nearly entire bare three-dimensional appear before the silver screen.

DreamWorks Uses Linux-based HP Technology to Create New Animated Film "Sinbad"

Source：http://h41131.www4.hp.com/uk/en/press/DreamWorks_Uses_Linux-based_HP_Technology_to_Create_New_Animated_Film_Sinbad.html

HP's advanced Linux-based technology played a critical role in the creation of "Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas," the newest animated movie from DreamWorks which opens to audiences tomorrow. The first film ever created entirely on Linux, Sinbad was developed on HP workstations and industry-standard servers.

「辛巴達：七海傳奇」融合傳統與數位動畫，角色兼具手工繪製、3D動畫的視覺效果，與高解析度，而創造出在視覺令人歎為觀止的可怕怪物、混亂女神、錯綜複雜的海底景觀，以及使用特效的船隻航行。所有的核心製作工程均採用HP的Linux工作站與伺服器，顯示電影娛樂工業正展開策略性的一步，擁抱開放系統與平台的先進能力。

More than 250 HP workstations running Red Hat Linux comprised the core of DreamWorks' graphics platform. The price and high-performance advantages of Linux-based HP workstations and servers enabled DreamWorks animators to create more movie in less time, saving significant time and money.

在整部電影的製作過程中，運用了超過250台，執行Red Hat Linux系統的HP工作站組成夢工場的繪圖核心平台。HP的Linux工作站與伺服器提供高效能成本比，讓夢工場的動畫製作人員能在更快的速度製作更多的電影，節省可觀的時間與成本。

"HP understands that today, innovative technology and truly cutting-edge digital animation go hand-in-hand," said Shane Robison, chief strategy and technology officer, HP. "Our goal in our alliance with DreamWorks is to continue to deliver more inventive technology that helps DreamWorks to continue to push the envelope of possibilities in digital animation - and in the process, to help them to retain their reputation as one of the premier Hollywood animation studios."

HP的策略長與技術長Shane Robison指出：「HP瞭解在現今創新性的技術和真正尖端的數位動畫技術是密不可分的，」「我們和夢工場的策略聯盟是不斷提供更多研發的科技，使夢工場能持續創作更新數位卡通動畫的可能性，同時，在過程中協助夢工場維繫是好萊塢中數一數二動畫工作室的美譽。」

"Creating a movie that is centered on scenes with water is a huge technical challenge in digital animation, and a challenge met successfully using HP's Linux-based workstations and servers," said Martin Fink, vice president of Linux, HP Enterprise Servers and Storage. "Our customers are using the flexibility of Linux on industry-standard hardware and open systems to save money and set new standards within their industry."

「創造一部以水為中心的數位動畫電影，在技術上是一大挑戰，然而HP的Linux工作站及伺服器，成功地克服挑戰。」HP 企業儲存裝置與伺服器部門副總經理Martin Fink說。「我們的客戶運用彈性的Linux工業標準硬體及開放系統，不但大幅度節省支出，並且在電影事業中設立了一個新的里程碑。」

With HP Linux-based hardware, DreamWorks also developed Digital Animation Review Tool, an uncompressed and full resolution color accurate playback solution on the desktop. This tool replaced an Irix-based solution that was cost-prohibitive and limited in functionality. This new system is so cost effective that DreamWorks was able to build more director-review areas, which assisted in the efficiency of the production of Sinbad.

藉由HP Linux硬體設備，夢工廠發展出一套數位動畫片檢視工具，使得電腦上能呈現出沒有壓縮、全解析度正確色彩的畫面。這個工具取代了原本費用高昂，然而功能有限的Irix-based解決方案。新的系統不但具有成本效益，並且協助工作人員有效率的完成「辛巴達」的製作工作。 由於HP與夢工廠的技術合作，辛巴達劇組中的每一位畫家，都使用HP 3D加速雙螢幕工作站系統。雙螢幕的作業環境使畫家們可以同時開啟多個視窗，進而加快製作的工作流程。在以往，這種類型的作業架構，不但花費高昂，而且只有在廣泛使用的時候才會採行。不過運用HP Linux工作站，讓夢工廠在維持創作水準的同時，同時兼顧節省成本的需求。

NURBS(Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines)

Source：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NURBS

Development of NURBS began in the 1950s by engineers who were in need of a mathematically precise representation of freeform surfaces like those used for ship hulls, aerospace exterior surfaces, and car bodies, which could be exactly reproduced whenever technically needed. Prior representations of this kind of surface only existed as a single physical model created by a designer.
NURBS的發展始於1950年代，它是由需要像在車體和船殼中使用的自由曲面的數學上的精確表示的工程師們所發現的，它可以在任何技術上需要的時候精確的複製出來。以前這類曲面的表示只存在於設計者創建的實體模型。

The pioneers of this development were Pierre Bézier who worked as an engineer at Renault, and Paul de Casteljau who worked at Citroën, both in France. Bézier worked nearly parallel to de Casteljau, neither knowing about the work of the other. But because Bézier published the results of his work, the average computer graphics user today recognizes splines — which are represented with control points lying off the curve itself — as Bézier splines, while de Casteljau’s name is only known and used for the algorithms he developed to evaluate parametric surfaces. In the 1960s it became clear that non-uniform, rational B-splines are a generalization of Bézier splines, which can be regarded as uniform, non-rational B-splines.
該發展的先驅包括：皮埃爾·貝茲（Pierre Bézier）， 他曾是Renault的工程師，以及Paul de Casteljau，他在Peugeot工作，兩個都是法國人。貝茲基本是和de Casteljau獨立發展的，兩人互相不知道對方的工作。但是因為貝茲發表了他的工作的結果，今天的一般的計算機圖形學用戶認為樣條 -- 通過在曲線上的控制點表示的那類 - 為貝茲樣條，而de Casteljau的名字僅作為他為計算參數化曲面所設計的演算法而為人所知。在1960年代，人們認識到非均勻有理基本樣條是貝茲曲線的一個推廣，而貝茲曲線可以視為非均勻有理B樣條。

Neil

source : http://www.pixar.com/artistscorner/andrew/interview.html

We have an immediate supervisor, then the art directors, then the director. First, I show the shot to my supervisor. When my supervisor thinks it's ready, it's reviewed by the art directors (such as the lighting director, etc.). They would say do a little of this and that, and when they like it we show it to the director. At Pixar, you get to sit down right next to the director and receive suggestions and fixes. That one-on-one is a nice thing, you don't get that at all studios.

如何檢閱你的鏡頭

我們有一個直接的指導者，然後美術指導，最後導演。首先，我展示鏡頭給指導者看。當我的指導者覺得鏡頭是可以的，它會被美術指導再檢閱過(例如燈光指導…等) 他們會說做一點點這個和那個，當他們喜歡它時，我們會展示給導演看。在皮克斯，你要坐在導演旁邊，然後聽導演的建議及修改。一對一是一件很好的事情，你不用待在整個工作室裡。

Art director藝術指導: 指負責影片中布景設計的人。
Lighting director 燈光指導: 負責測量最佳的曝光值搭並搭配美術風格以打出完善的光影效果

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

source:http://disney.lovesakura.com/Text/c01.htm

改編自《格林童話》Adapted from "Grimm's Fairy Tales"

"Grimm's Fairy Tales" Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs in the story can be said to be a household name, Walt Disney elected to the story as his epoch-making of the making! but this Disney first animated cartoon initially the Huate Disney spent all mental efforts only then to complete, In this piece of photography time, due to Walt Disney, for each frame are Qiuhaoxinqie require perfection, the request regarding each picture to be perfect, therefore the manufacture budget on climbs successively, photographs when this piece has too many problems to tackle, everywhere offers loans the loan, finally even links the square to mortgage for the bank loans! ertainly, to convince the banks to accept mortgages have spent no small effort! Success of 【Snow White】 Walt Disney would be a big gamble in life! This gamble has really unprecedented, staggering! And because of this, the Walt Disney film of the entire process was also taken at the time the U.S. media, jokingly called "Disney's Folly"。many U.S. critics just snickered do not think anyone would be willing to pay to see is a cartoon movie, released Fortunately, the film was an unqualified success, Cathay Circle Theater in Hollywood, celebrity performances get the audience (including Charlie Chaplin, Cary Grant, Shirley temple ... and so on) a standing ovation, success of 【Snow White】 to open a new page in the history of animation, from cartoon no longer just a cartoon, but have become animated! From 【Snow White】 to rewrite the history of the film, it is not only the world's first animated movie, its soundtrack is the world's first a movie soundtrack! Disney's animated kingdom lay leader from the status! Film in 1998 by the American Film Institute named the United States this century, one of the 100 classics.

《格林童話》中白雪公主與七個小矮人的故事可以說是家喻戶曉，華特迪士尼選上這個故事來當他的開天闢地之作！這部迪士尼首部動畫片當初可是華特迪士尼費盡一切心力才完成的，在本片拍攝時期，由於華特迪士尼對於每個畫面都求好心切、要求完美，因此製作預算節節上攀，拍攝此片時捉襟見肘、到處舉債借款，最後甚至連片場都抵押給銀行來貸款！當然，說服銀行接受抵押也花了不小的心力！【白雪公主】的成功與否將是華特迪士尼生命中的一大豪賭！這樣的豪賭可真是前所未有，令人瞠目結舌！而且因為如此，華特迪士尼拍攝本片的整個過程還被當時 的美國媒體戲謔稱作是〝迪士尼的傻勁〞（Disney's Folly）。許多美國影評還嗤之以鼻認為沒有人會願意花錢看一部都是卡通的電影，幸好本片上映獲得空前成功，在好萊塢 Cathay Circle 戲院演出時獲得名人觀眾﹙包括卓別林、卡萊葛倫、雪莉坦普…等﹚起立鼓掌，【白雪公主】成功開啟動畫史新頁，從此卡通不再只是卡通，而成為動畫！【白雪公主】從此改寫了影史，它不但是世界上第一部動畫電影，其原聲帶更是世界上第一張電影原聲帶！迪士尼的動畫王國從此奠下龍頭地位！本片在１９９８年被美國電影協會選為本世紀美國百部經典名片之一。

WALL．E

Source：http://www.bvi.com.tw/movies/walle/main.htm
作品名稱：Wall　中文翻譯：瓦力　

【瓦力】是3D動畫第一品牌皮克斯的第九部作品，是由【海底總動員】導演安德魯·斯坦頓(Andrew Stanton)執導的第二部動畫片。這部動畫描述好幾百年以後，地球的垃圾堆積如山，污染嚴重，人類紛紛移居到外太空居住。有一天人類決定派打掃機器人瓦力到地球打掃環境，希望有一天環境變好之後，人類能夠再回來地球定居。瓦力每天的工作就是打掃，晚上則居住在一個鐵皮貨櫃中，他最大的樂趣就是從垃圾堆中發現各種奇特的物品，當作自己的收藏。後來人類派了另一位女性機器人來查看整個清理的狀況，這位專家就好比機器人中的名模一般，外型有如最時尚的i-pod，閃閃動人，而純樸的瓦力當然也對她相當的傾心，迫不及待要把自己的好康收藏與她分享…

【Wall】 is the first brand 3D animation Pixar's ninth film. that is【Finding Nemo】director Andrew Stanton directed the second animated film. This animation describes several centuries later, the Earth's garbage is piling up, serious pollution, mankind have moved to outer space to live. One day decided to send humans to Earth cleaning robot WALL-E clean up the environment, hope that one day after the environment changed for the better, humans can no longer come back to settle in the earth. The daily job is to clean the wall at night living in a tin containers, his greatest pleasure is found in a variety of strange from the garbage heap of items, as their collection. Later, another female human robot sent to see the entire clean-up situation, the expert is like the supermodel robot general, appearance is like the most stylish i-pod, glittering and moving, while the simplicity of the wall of course, for her a considerable sight, can not wait to build herself with her collection of goodies to share ...

Ratatouille

picture source:http://disney.lovesakura.com/Gallery/ratatouille/index.htm
Source: http://disney.lovesakura.com/Text/ratatouille.htm

Ratatouille料理鼠王

在２００６年初迪士尼與皮克斯合而為一之後，皮克斯動畫下部作品【料理鼠王】也自然確定由迪士尼發行，本片的計畫其實之前就已傳出，原本是要由皮克斯自行出資，如今迪士尼買下皮克斯，本片就成為迪士尼２００７年的強檔動畫電影了。本片故事是關於一隻希望成為大廚的小老鼠 Remy ，原本和家人住在法國鄉村，後來意外移居巴黎的下水道，而且讓他高興的是新家在一家頂級餐廳的下方，這家頂級餐廳的主廚 Auguste Gusteau 正是小老鼠的偶像，不過在這位食神過世以後，餐廳也面臨嚴峻的考驗，Remy 意外認識了菜鳥小廚師 Linguini ，成為他的影子廚師，終於有機會發揮他的廚藝天份，Remy 感覺離他夢想愈來愈接近了，當他一心想往美食烹調大師之路邁進的同時，一場刺激驚險的冒險也正在等待著他…

Combine into one after 2006 Disney and PIXAR , Pixar animation 【Ratatouille】 lower works naturally determined by the Walt Disney issued , in fact, prior to the film plan to spread, the original must be made by Pixar at its own expense, this piece became Disney 2007 the strong files animation movie. Film story is about a little mouse Remy wants to be chef, Remy and his family had lived in the French countryside, and later moved to Paris sewer, let He was pleased that his new home in a top restaurant in sewer, and this top restaurant chef Auguste Gusteau is a small mouse icon, But after the death of the God of Cookery, restaurants are also facing a severe test, Remy accidentally met a small rookie chef Linguini, became his shadow cook, and finally have the opportunity to exercise his culinary talent, Remy from his dream of getting close to feeling, and when he bent to the master of the road into the food cooking at the same time, a stimulus is also the thrill of adventure is waiting for him ...

Monsters, Inc.

source:http://disney.lovesakura.com/Text/abl.htm

繼【玩具總動員】、【蟲蟲危機】、【玩具總動員２】之後，迪士尼與ＰＩＸＡＲ公司再度合作推出第四部電腦動畫作品。劇情敘述有一個與人類世界並存的怪物世界，當人類父母不在的時候，他們就會從衣櫥的門溜進來嚇小孩，因為人類小孩的驚叫和恐懼，正是維繫此一怪物世界運作的能量來源，“怪獸電力公司”正是製造怪物能量的大工廠。但是隨著時代愈來愈進步，新世代的小朋友也愈來愈不容易被嚇到，怪物的世界因此面臨到嚴重的〝能源危機〞。在“怪獸電力公司”裡，有一隻名為 Mike 的單眼綠怪物和他的好友長毛怪 Sulley 是績效最好的拍檔，但有一次 Sulley 意外把一位人類小女孩 Boo 帶進怪物的世界，由於人類小孩被怪獸界認為是有毒的，足以毀滅怪獸世界，因此怪獸們發現居然有人類小孩闖進他們的世界，便引起了一陣恐慌，緊急總動員要消弭危險，但是 Mike 和 Sulley 這兩隻怪物後來發現其實小女孩 Boo 是無害的，於是他們盡一切力量要保護她，並護送她回家。本片在美國上映成績十分漂亮，１０天就突破一億大關，一個月後又突破兩億，可說是為美國遭遇９１１空襲事件後慘澹的電影票房打下一劑超級強心針！

Following the【Toy Story】, 【A Bug's Life】, 【Toy Story2】, after , Disney and PIXAR's re-launch of Part IV of the computer animation work.Story describes a world with human coexistence of monsters in the world, when human beings when their parents are not, they slipped from the door of the wardrobe to scare the children,Because human children screaming and fear, it is a monster in the world to maintain the operation of this source of energy, "Monsters, Inc." It is Monster Energy's largest manufacturing plant.However, more and more as time advances, the new generation of children are growing is not easy to be intimidated by the monster's world, therefore faces a serious "energy crisis."In the "Monsters, Inc.", there is a green monster named Mike's monocular and his friends long-haired strange Sulley is the best performing partner, but once Sulley accidentally put a human little girl Boo into the monster world, Because human children are considered to be toxic monster world, sufficient to destroy the monster in the world, so there are as many monsters have found that human children broke into their world, they provoked a wave of panic,Emergency mobilization to eliminate risk, but Mike and Sulley was later discovered that in fact these two monsters are harmless little girl Boo, so they do everything in their power to protect her and escort her home. Film in the United States released the results were very beautiful, break 100 million mark in 10 days, a month after breaking 200 million, can be said for the U.S. air raid hit 911 movie at the box office after the very poor to lay a super-boost!

Astro Boy

Picture source: http://movie.pchome.com.tw/movie_new/movie_photo_show.htm?mid=829&img=125326481770

Article source: http://mag.udn.com/mag/digital/storypage.jsp?f_ART_ID=170550



The movie source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aggqlxQNy34


《原子小金剛》是手塚治虫在 1951 年創作的漫畫作品，該作自 1963 年之後主要有三個系列的電視動畫作品，並曾在 1959 年改編成真人版日劇。 故事中「天馬博士」的兒子「飛雄」因車禍死亡，於是他以最新科技，模仿飛雄的樣貌製作了「原子小金剛」，並當做自己的兒子養育。可是，當天馬博士發現小金剛不會長高時，才發現他和真人不同，因而開始厭惡小金剛，甚至將他賣至馬戲團。

而本次運用 3D 動畫技術將《原子小金剛》，除了是由《鼠國流浪記》的導演 大衛鮑爾（David Bowers）執導之外，也將由曾作有《忍者龜：炫風再起》、《科學小飛俠》等 3D 動畫電影的「意馬國際」負責製作。而本次將為作品配音的則包括了奧斯卡影帝尼可拉斯凱吉、天才童星佛萊迪海默，以及唐納德薩瑟蘭、比爾奈伊等人。

The comic book :《Astro Boy》was created by 手塚治虫 in 1951 , since 1963 , after the three main series of television animation , and adapted into a live-action version of Japanese TV drama in 1959.

The story of "天馬博士" son of "飛雄" died in a car accident, and he with the latest technology to mimic the appearance of flying male produced a "Astro Boy" and raise as his own son. But that day, 天馬博士 was found when the Astro Boy is not tall, only to find him and live a different, and thus began to dislike the Astro Boy , and even he was selling to the circus.

米芽米咕人

Source: http://blog.xuite.net/myvideohnat/blog/25441299

盧貝松傾力支持，法國動畫最新代表電影【大雨大雨一直下】導演 賈克黑米吉黑賀 巔峰絢麗大作！紐約國際電影節開幕片 法國票房直逼四百萬歐元驚心動魄卻又真摯感人的現代童話8月7日 前進神祕森林，揭開大腳傳說。

在一座神秘的山上，存在著許多不為人知的生物，當地人傳說有許多會吃人的怪物，住在森林深處，但從沒有人見過它真實的模樣。年僅十歲的米芽，為了尋找在山上工作的父親，離開從小生活的村莊，一個人踏上困難重重的尋父之旅。她渡過了湍急洶湧的河川，穿越了乾燥酷熱的旱地，還驚險地通過了高聳狹窄的山路，當她排除萬難走入傳說中的森林時，一種從未見過的生物卻出現在她的面前。一場奇幻刺激的冒險旅程，就此展開。

Adores the support by Luc Besson , Newest representative movie of Frence 【大雨大雨一直下】director : Jacques-Remy Girerd’s the best and brilliant work! New York International Film Festival opening film at the box office almost equal to 4 million euros in France but sincere soul-stirring and moving modern fairy tale August 7 into the mysterious forest, opened Bigfoot legend !

Lesson Three: Look for Intensity

Lesson Three: Look for IntensityThe Quarterly: Do angry people—malcontents, in your words—make for better innovation?Brad Bird: Involved people make for better innovation… Involved people can be quiet, loud, or anything in-between—what they have in common is a restless, probing nature: “I want to get to the problem. There’s something I want to do.” If you had thermal glasses, you could see heat coming off them.

尋找強度

本季季刊:發怒的人們－反叛者,對妳來說能否做出更好的創新 Brad Bird:生活在紛亂下的人們會做出較好的創新..他們能夠沉著的,發出強聲的或任何事的兩端之間 那些人們的相似之處是不安定的 探求自然:我想要理解問題,有某些事情我想要去做,就像是如果你有探熱眼鏡 妳就能夠看到熱能伴隨者來。

皮克斯動畫製作流程

source :http://pixar20.blogspot.com/2009/08/how-pixar-do-it.html


這裡我們要來介紹皮克斯的動畫電影是怎麼創造出來的，皮克斯官方網站裡面有十分詳細的介紹，共有14個階段（難怪一部片可以花上好幾年製作），說明皮克斯動畫工作室內部精細的分工與各個部門之間的合作關係。

Here we must introduce how the Pike Si's animation movie does create, Pike inside the Si official website has the very detailed introduction, altogether has 14 stages (no wonder a piece to be possible to spend on several year manufacture), explains Pike between the Si animation work room interior fine division of labor and each department's cooperation.

１.故事創作討論 a story idea is pitched
首先皮克斯人員會將點子提案給開發部門的其他成員，感覺很像是推銷商品，因為得要說服「觀眾」，才有機會被採用。

First Pike the Si personnel the drop proposal for development department's other members, will feel that very likely sells the commodity, because must convince “the audience”, only will then have the opportunity to use.

２.故事先以文字敘述 the text treatment is written
在著手繪圖之前，先用簡短的文字敘述來說明故事的核心概念，並在符合具體構想的情況下，由開發部門與故事板藝術家天馬行空地思考劇情發展的各種可能性，延伸出更多版本。

Before beginning the cartography, uses the brief writing narration to explain that the first story the core concept, and in tallies with in the concrete conception situation, by the development department and story board artist powerful and unconstrained style ponder plot development's each possibility, extends more editions0.

３.繪製故事板 storyboards are drawn
故事板就像是電影版的手繪漫畫，作為動作與對白設計的藍圖。每一個故事板藝術家會拿到腳本或故事大綱(beat outline)，當中說明角色性情的轉變，以及如何藉由動作來表達。被分配到不同的鏡頭後，故事板則扮演引導的角色，幫助他們發想、把想法畫出來，並徵求導演檢核同意。

The story board likely is the movie version's handpainted cartoon, designs the blueprint as the movement and the dialog. Each story board artist will attain the script or the story program (beat outline), middle explained that the role personality the transformation, how as well as will express because of the movement. Assigns after the different lens, the story board acts the guidance the role, helps them to send thought that comes out the idea picture, and solicits the direction control agreement.

４.開始錄製角色配音 voice talent begins recording
一開始皮克斯的藝術家們會為之後的故事板影片，先錄製「聲音草圖("scratch" voices)」作為暫時的版本。之後才會請到專業的演員來錄製角色的聲音，他們依照腳本唸稿，但也會有即興發揮的時候。演員們（或配音員）會錄製不同的版本，再從裡面選出效果最好的來進行未來的動畫製作。有時候皮克斯藝術家們錄製的聲音草圖十分逼真，就會被延用下去，不另找專業配音員，像是皮克斯故事督導Joe Ranft就曾為玩具總動員的企鵝Wheezy、蟲蟲危機的毛毛蟲Heimlich、海底總動員的蝦蝦Jacques、汽車總動員的消防車小紅Red的配音。

From the very beginning the Pike Si's artists after the story board movie, will record “the sound schematic diagram first (" scratch" voices)” takes the temporary edition. Afterward only then welcome do record the role to the specialized actor the sound, they will read the manuscript according to the script, but will also have extemporaneously display time. The actors (or dubbing) will record the different edition, will select the effect from inside to carry on future animation manufacture well again. Sometimes Pike the Si artists record the sound schematic diagram is very lifelike, will be extended with, will look for specialized dubbing not in addition, was likely Pike the Si story directs Joe Ranft once for toy general mobilization penguin Wheezy, insects crisis's caterpillar Heimlich, seabed general mobilization shrimp shrimp Jacques, the automobile general mobilization fire engine small red Red dubbing.

５.故事板影片製作 editorial begins making reels
故事板影片是將先前的故事板剪輯而成，當初故事能被採用跟說故事的人說得好有很大的關係，所以此時故事板影片必須排除其他影響因素，來確認各個鏡頭和時間點能讓觀眾瞭解。

The story board movie was becomes the formerly story board editing, initially the story could use to said story the human said well has the very much big relations, therefore this time story board movie must remove other influencing factor, confirmed that each lens and the time spot could let the audience understand.

６.藝術部門創造外觀和感覺 the art department creates the look and feel
以最初的故事大綱為基礎，經過不斷的腦力激盪創意發想，藝術部門創造出能鼓舞人心的作品來描繪角色與世界，包括設計場景、道具、視覺外觀和色彩，並以粉彩繪製彩色腳本，強調場景中的光線安排，提供給燈光部門做為燈光設定的依據。

Take the initial story program as the foundation, passes through the unceasing mental ability to surge the creativity to send thought that the artistic department creates can the encouraging work describe the role and the world, including the design scene, the stage prop, the visual outward appearance and the color, and by the famille rose plan colored script, stressed that in the scene the optical fiber arrangement, provides for the light department does for the light hypothesis basis.

７.角色建模與骨架設定 models are sculpted and articulated
Character TD使用藝術部門提供的模型組件（一系列的圖片參考清單），建造角色、場景和道具的實體模型，再由電腦建立3D模型（有時會略過實體模型的步驟），3D模型上的控制點能讓動畫師設定角色的動作，玩具總動員的woody光是臉部就有100個控制點。

Character the TD use art department provides the model module (a series of picture reference detailed list), the construction role, the scene and stage prop's full-scale mockup, will establish the 3D model by the computer (sometimes slightly to cross full-scale mockup again step), on the 3D model's control point can let the animator establish the role the movement, the toy general mobilization woody light is the face has 100 control points.


comming soon

光線 LIGHT

Pixar: Art and Design

皮克斯：藝術與設計

Bill Cone 比爾．孔恩

source : http://pixar20.blogspot.com/2009/08/blog-post_10.html

在汽車總動員Cars － 這部場景幾乎發生在戶外的動畫片，需精準地表現光的變化，除了用粉彩做光線研究，改變他看待光線的向度外，Bill更將攝影機架設在山上，紀錄一天24小時的天空色彩轉換的連續影像，觀察地球陰影、物體直接光照與折射受光之下的色彩變化與亮度，也發現大自然的美是超越想像的。然而日光只是各種光源的其中一種，還須區分螢光燈、街燈、車燈的差異；一種燈光與多種燈光的交互作用；車燈照射在街景的亮度呈現的遠近感；室內室外的光線、白天夜晚的改變等，再將這些細微的變化表現在彩色腳本colorscripts中，呈現整體感與和諧的漸層與明暗。

Occurs nearly in automobile general mobilization Cars - this scene in the outdoors animated cartoon, must display the light accurate the change, except uses the famille rose to do the optical fiber research, will change him to regard the optical fiber to beyond consideration, Bill the camera framework will be located on the mountain, records continual phantom which one day of 24 hour sky color will transform, will observe the Earth shadow, the object direct illumination and the refraction the light under color change and brightness, also discovered that the nature US will surmount the imagination. However the sunlight is only each kind of photo source one kind, still needs to differentiate the fluorescent lamp, the street light, headlight's difference; One kind of light and many kinds of light correlations; The headlight shines in vista brightness presents far and near feels; The indoor outdoor optical fiber, the daytime night's change and so on, displays again these slight changes in colored script colorscripts, presents the associative perception and the harmonious gradually level and the light and shade.

除了真實物件的光影變化，他們也做出角色和場景的雕塑，光線照射在陶土雕塑上的產生明暗對比，幫助他們進行更細部的觀察，而建造雕塑來模擬光線配置，不僅能獲得想要的效果，花費的成本也比電腦低。

Except the real thing's light shade change, they also make the role and the scene sculpture, the optical fiber shine in the pottery clay sculpture the production light and shade contrast, helps them to carry on the detail observation, but constructs the sculpture to simulate the optical fiber disposition, not can only obtain the wish the effect, the expenditure cost is also lower than the computer.

縝密的觀察得到的光線研究只是安排場景色調的考量因素之一，還需同時反映故事主角的心情，即便在相同的時空之下，一旦麥昆McQueen的心情轉變，也須做出不同的安排。也因此每一場景的色彩搭配，都是經過精心的規劃與安排，Bill認為使用色彩傳遞訊息是最強而有力的方式。

The meticulous observation obtains the optical fiber research only arranges one of scene tone consideration factors, but must simultaneously reflect the story lead's mood, even if under same space and time, once wheat elder brother McQueen mood transformation, must make the different arrangement. Also therefore each scene's color matching, is undergoes the careful plan and the arrangement, Bill thought that the use color bush telegraph is the most powerful way.

cars

Source：http://disney.lovesakura.com/Special/2009/090810/index.htm

本片由迪士尼、皮克斯聯手推出，故事背景發生在一個奇特的汽車世界，在這世界都是一群會說話、能思考的汽車，款式多樣，各種品牌。車庫是他們的家，加油站是他們的餐廳，汽車旅館則是他們旅行的歇腳處。

Film from Disney, Pixar teamed up to launch the story background of the car took place in a strange world, in this world are just a group talking, can think of automobile, various styles, various brands. The garage of their home is their restaurants gas stations, motels is that they travel at the rest stop.

故事主角 【Lightning McQueen 】是一部時髦拉風的賽車， 以新人之姿過關斬將名列前矛，將在幾天後的加州賽車場舉行總決賽，不料卻在州際公路上遇到意外，流落到傳統公路 Route 66 上的一個荒涼小鎮。McQueen 在小鎮認識了許多新的朋友，原本心不甘情不願被迫留在鎮上勞動服務，卻在跟這邊居民的互動之中，讓他有了全新的體會。生命就像是一段旅程，一路衝向目標的同時，往往忽略了沿途的風景，面對即將到來的冠軍賽，當麥坤養精蓄銳重新上路時，他已有不同於以往的心境…

Story's main character【 Lightning McQueen】 is a stylish（時髦） car pull the wind in order to fight its way through the top new postures, spear, will in a few days at the California Circuit Finals, but, in the interstate highway was an accident, living in traditional Highway Route 66 on a deserted town. McQueen in town to know many new friends, had reluctantly been forced to stay in town labor service, but in the interaction among the residents with the side, so he had a completely new experience. Life is like a journey all the way away from its target, while often overlooked scenery along the face of the upcoming Championships, when McQueen recharge your batteries when on the road again, he has been different from the previous state of mind ...

Finding Nemo

Source :
http://www.pixar.com/index.html
http://disney.go.com/disneyvideos/animatedfilms/findingnemo/index2.html

【海底總動員】跟之前皮克斯幾部作品相比，場景之豐富、角色之眾多都是動畫家的一大挑戰，尤其本片背景發生在海洋世界，如何表現海底場景可說是本片最大的難處，海洋場景跟陸地場景的不同，在於要表現出海中漂浮不定的洋流、隨之擺動的生物、隔著水洩下來的光線、不斷上升的氣泡…等等。皮克斯再度展現他們３Ｄ動畫龍頭長才，一一克服了本片許多難處，呈現出讓人嘆為觀止的水中世界。

Now before the Pixar【 Finding Nemo】 several works compared to the scene of the rich, the role of the large number of animated family is a major challenge, particularly in film events at Ocean World, how the performance of undersea scenes can be described as the largest film difficulties, ocean scene with the scene on land is different from the performance of the sea lies adrift in the ocean currents, resulting swing of biological, separated by water leakage down the light, rising air bubbles ... and so on. Pixar once again demonstrate their talent for leading 3D animation(動畫), film Individual has overcome many difficulties, showing amazing water in the world.


其實皮克斯過去曾在１９８９年推出過一部短篇動畫作品【Knick Knack】，當時就有表現過水中場景，然而礙於當時技術，不像如今【海底總動員】裡所表現的這般流暢，但沒有當初的研發就沒有如今的成果。因此這次皮克斯特別把這部短片搭配【海底總動員】正片一同上映，算是紀念該片當初製作水中場景的啟蒙。

In fact, Pixar in the past in 1989 had a short animated works【Knick Knack】, the performance over time, some water scenes, but because of the technology at that time, unlike today 【Finding Nemo】, where the performance is so smooth, but there is no original research and development there would be no today's results. Therefore, the Pixar short film with a special effort to【 Finding Nemo】 positive film with release can be regarded as produced to commemorate the original film scene in the water of enlightenment.

The Incredibles

source:http://disney.lovesakura.com/Text/abl.htm

Is a well-known film director Brad Bird joined Pixar animated film's first film, Story is about an uncanny talent Superman family, Bob Parr, Mr. Incredible in the fight against crime in the past participated in a lot of heroic deeds, Later, the community's change of attitude, he and his wife, Helen retreated into the shadows after marriage, 10 years They have three children - Violet, Dash and the newly-born Jack-Jack,
They are a family of five living in big cities, suburbs, living with the most normal people, the same quiet life. However, such a quiet life was later interrupted, not only to conceal the identity of the original work is not insurance, Even drawn into the pre-planned conspiracy. The ambitious villain Syndrome progenitor is unknown, began to secretly expand the fight against Incredibles action, As a result, his previous profession of Mr. Incredible once again assume the heavy responsibility of saving the world either, but after so many years later, he still Baodaoweilao? In particular, now he is a superhuman family head of the family, Every family has its difficult to read the classics, to save the world at the same time, how a person is still united together? All kinds of tests are waiting for a family the size of Superman!

本片是知名動畫導演 Brad Bird 加入皮克斯執導的首部作品，故事是關於一個天賦異秉的超人家庭，本名為 Bob Parr 的 Incredible 先生過去參與過不少打擊犯罪的英雄事蹟，後來因為社會大眾心態的轉變，他跟愛妻 Helen 結婚後就退隱江湖，十多年來他們育有三個子女－ Violet 、Dash 和剛出生的 Jack-Jack ，他們一家五口住在大城市的郊區，過著跟一般正常人同樣的平靜生活。但是， 這樣平靜的生活後來卻被打斷了，不但原本掩飾身分的工作不保，甚至被捲進事先策劃的陰謀。野心勃勃的大壞蛋 Syndrome 來頭不明，開始秘密展開打擊超人特攻隊的行動，於是，重操舊業的 Incredible 先生，再度擔負起拯救世界的重責大任，但事隔多年以後，他是否依然寶刀未老？尤其，如今他是超人家庭的一家之主，家家有本難唸的經，拯救世界的同時，如何讓一家人依然團結在一起呢？種種考驗正等待著超人家庭的一家大小！