字幕機(CG)

字幕機（Character generator），簡稱CG

字幕機（Character generator），簡稱CG，是一種用來將文字輸入於影片中的設備或軟體，最初是為了讓聾人也可以看電影而設計出來的，而後來漸漸成了電影中各種方言的最好解釋。現今的字幕機大多是以電腦使用，除可以打字幕之外，也可以打表格等。

CG (Character generator), referred to as CG, is a kind of used to the text input in the film, the equipment or software, the first is to enable deaf people can also be designed out of a movie, but then gradually became a film a variety of dialects the best explanation. Most of today's CG is based on the use of computers, in addition to subtitles, but also can play forms.

9

(9) 機器人9號
由導演Shane Acker歷時4年制作，其靈感來自於1945年歐洲的一張照片：被炮彈瞄準的街道，到處都是戰爭留下的痕跡，呈現了一個戰爭之後無人居住的死城。影片主角的設計是由拉鏈、紐扣，別針和麻布頭組成，給人一種頹廢感。故事講述主人公9和5被帶入了一個侵略者設下的陷阱當中，美麗的城鎮已經被破壞，到處是破敗不堪的場景。侵略者機器獸攻擊了兩個粗麻布制作的娃娃。為了保全大家5點燃了自己發出了燃燒的火光，向大家發出警告，告訴大家侵略者正在靠近。侵略機器人又把苗頭指向了9。在目睹了布娃娃5的慘死後，布娃娃9鼓起勇氣來獨自面對可惡的敵人。9把機械獸引入了一個陷阱中，巧妙的擊敗了對手。雖然這部短片當年沒能最後奪得奧斯卡獎，但是其夢幻的視覺效果和神話般的故事情節給人留下深刻的印像。

Directed by Shane Acker took four years of production in 1945, inspired by a photograph in Europe: The shells targeted the streets everywhere the imprint of the war, presents a dead city after the war uninhabited. Film characters was designed by zippers, buttons, pins, and linen head composition, giving a sense of decadence. The story is about the hero of 9 and 5 are brought into a trap set by an aggressor among the beautiful cities and towns have been destroyed, everywhere is a dilapidated scene. Aggressors attacked the two machines beast burlap doll making. In order to preserve all five ignited the flames burning himself sent to warn us, telling us that the aggressor is close. Aggression, signs point to the 9 robots again. Having witnessed the tragic death of five after the cloth doll, cloth doll 9 courage to face alone hateful enemies. 9 mechanical beast into a trap, the clever beat his opponent. Even though this video did not last year won the Academy Award, but its fantastic visual effects and fabulous story gives leave a deep impression.

Particle system

Particle system [p'ɑrtəkəl s'ɪstəm] - 粒子系統

source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_system

The term particle system refers to a computer graphics technique to simulate certain fuzzy phenomena, which are otherwise very hard to reproduce with conventional rendering techniques. Examples of such phenomena which are commonly replicated using particle systems include fire, explosions, smoke, moving water, sparks, falling leaves, clouds, fog, snow, dust, meteor tails, hair, fur, grass, or abstract visual effects like glowing trails, magic spells, etc.

粒子系統是指一種電腦圖形技術來類比某些模糊的現象一詞，否則很難與傳統繪製技術重現。這種現象通常被覆制使用粒子系統，包括消防，如發光徑、 魔法技能等發生爆炸黑煙移動水、 火花、 落樹葉、 雲、 霧、 雪、 塵埃、 流星尾巴、 頭髮、 毛皮、 草或抽象視覺效果。

While in most cases particle systems are implemented in three dimensional graphics systems, two dimensional particle systems may also be used under some circumstances.

雖然在大多數情況下粒子系統在三個三維圖形系統中實現的也可用於兩個尺寸的粒子系統，在某些情況下。

Tire Tread Marks Animation Using Particle Flow

Tire Tread Marks Animation Using Particle Flow
輪胎踩使用微粒流程的標記動畫

Source:http://www.escalight.com/tutorials/3dsmax-tutorials/tire-tread-marks-animation-using-particle-flow.html

1. Download this file (ZIP). Open file "treadmarks_particle_start.max". This file contains a moving tank. Here I used a tank. Later you can change the tank with cars or any object with tire. Note: The tank caterpillar track is animated using technique described in Tank Caterpillar Track Animation Tutorial.In this file you can also find a treadmark object. This object is just two simple plane combined as one, representing two tread marks (left and right tire).
下載此文件（zip）。打開文件“treadmarks_particle_start.max”。此文件包含一個移動的坦克。在這裡，我使用了坦克。稍後，您可以更改缸車或任何物體的輪胎。注：坦克履帶賽道使用動畫技術describ。

2. Create PF Source icon in top viewport. In Modify tab, use Viewport Quantity Multiplier = 100% so you can view all particle in viewport. Position this icon at the middle of tank. Then, activate Select And Link tool. Link icon to tank body. Now, icon will moved together with tank.
建立公積金源在頂視圖中的圖標。在修改標籤，使用視口數量乘數 = 100％，使您可以瀏覽所有的粒子在視圖。這個圖標的位置，中間坦克。然後，選擇並激活鏈接的工具。鏈接圖標罐體。現在，圖標會提出與坦克。

3. In Left viewport, position PF icon exactly behind the tire (tank track). And make sure it is slightly above the ground (plane). You may need to zoom in.
在左視圖，位置正好公積金圖標背後的輪胎（坦克履帶）。並確保它是略高於地面（平面）。您可能需要放大英寸。



4. Open Particle View (Press 6 in keyboard). Change these values:In Birth 01 operator, enter Emit Stop=300, to make particle emits until the end of animation. For a while, leave Amount unchanged, we will adjust this value later.In Position Icon 01 operator, use Location=Pivot. Particle will be emitted at the middle of icon.Then in Speed 01 operator, use Speed=0. This value will make particle stop right ater emitted. Delete Rotation 01 operator. We don't need this operator.
打開粒子視圖（在鍵盤上按6）。更改這些值：在出生01運營商，進入發射停止= 300，使粒子發射，直到最後的動畫。有一段時間，休假金額不變，我們將調整此值後。在01位置圖標操作，使用位置=樞軸。粒子的排放量在中間的圖標。然後，在速度01運營商，使用速度= 0。此值將停止正確提爾顆粒排放。刪除旋轉 01運營商。我們不需要此操作。



5. Drag Shape Instance operator from Depot into Event 01, make sure it replaces Shape 01 operator. In Shape Instance 01 parameter, click button under Particle Geometry Object. Click "treadmark" object in viewport.In Display 01 operator change display type into Geometry. Now, you can see "treadmark" object appear as particle.
拖動形狀實例經營活動從倉庫到01，以確保它取代形狀 01運營商。在形狀實例 01參數，單擊按鈕下的粒子幾何對象。點擊“treadmark”對象口中。在顯示 01運營商轉變成幾何顯示類型。現在，你可以看到“treadmark”對象顯示為粒子。



6. Scrub slider to view the animation. Notice that, the distance between treadmarks (particle) is too narrow. In Birth 01 operator, decrease Amount to 60.
洗刷滑子觀看動畫。 注意那， treadmarks (微粒)之間的距離是太狹窄的。 在誕生01操作員，減少數額到60。


7. Congratulations. You have finished this tutorial. Video below shows sample of rendered animation.
祝賀。您已完成本教程。視頻列出了樣品呈現動畫。

IMAX

IMAX - Image MAXimum ['ɪmədʒ m'æksəməm] - 最大影像

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMAX

IMAX (short for Image MAXimum) is a motion picture film format and projection standard created by Canada's IMAX Corporation. The traditional version of IMAX has the capacity to record and display images of far greater size and resolution than conventional film systems. A standard IMAX screen is 22 metres (72 ft) wide and 16.1 metres (53 ft) high, but can vary.
IMAX（Image MAXimum) 是由加拿大的IMAX Corporation創建的一種電影電影格式和投影標準。傳統版本的IMAX有記錄並顯示圖像更大尺寸和解析度比傳統膠片系統的能力。標準的套裝螢幕 22 米 （七十二呎) 寬、 16.1 米 (53 英尺) 高，但可能會有所不同。

The world's largest cinema screen and IMAX screen is in the LG IMAX theatre in Darling Harbour, Sydney. It is 29.42m (approximately 8 stories) high by 35.73m wide — covering an area of more than 1,015 square metres.
世界上最大的電影院螢幕和套裝螢幕是在 LG 套裝劇院的達令港，悉尼。這是 29.42 m (約 8 故事) 高乘 35.73 米寬 — 面積超過 1,015 方米。

IMAX is the most widely used system for large-format, special-venue film presentations. As of April 2009, there are 320 IMAX theatres in 42 countries, with about half of these located in the United States. About 60% of IMAX venues are commercial theatres with the other 40% being located in educational venues.
套裝是最廣泛使用的系統，為大幅面、 特殊地點的電影的演示文稿。截至四月 2009，有 320 套裝劇院的 42 個國家約一半的這些設在美國。約有 60%的套裝場地是商業劇院位於教育場地的其它 40 %。

Variations of the traditional IMAX format include IMAX Dome (using a tilted dome screen) which is sometimes called OmniMAX, IMAX 3D and IMAX Digital.
傳統的套裝格式的變化包括套裝罩 （使用傾斜的圓頂的螢幕） 有時稱為 OmniMAX，套裝 3D 和套裝數位。

背景音樂(BGM)

Background music，簡稱BGM

背景音樂（Background music，簡稱BGM），也稱配樂，通常是指在電視劇、電影、動畫、電子遊戲、網站中用於調節氣氛的一種音樂，插入於對話之中，能夠增強情感的表達，達到一種讓觀眾身歷其境的感受。另外，在一些公共場合（如酒吧、咖啡廳、商場）播放的音樂也稱背景音樂。

Background Music (Background music, referred to as BGM), also known as the soundtrack, usually refers to TV shows, movies, animation, electronic games, the site for regulating the atmosphere of a music, insert in its dialogue can enhance the expression of emotion, to a means of allowing the audience an immersive feel. In addition, in some public places (such as bars, cafes, shopping malls) where music is also known as background music.

片尾曲(ED)

Ending Theme/Song

片尾曲（エンディングテーマ/ソング， Ending Theme/Song， 簡稱ED），電視劇、電視動畫中劇末出現（但常在下集預告或是一些特別畫面前，有些時候是直接疊在本片最後一兩秒後開始播放，如機動戰士鋼彈 SEED系列），有時數目會多於一首歌。在隨後發行的原聲CD、及動畫資料中會以ED1、ED2或片尾曲一、片尾曲二等來表示。片尾曲的數目通常比片頭曲多。片尾曲中常表示的訊息有演員或配音員、編劇或腳本、電視劇幕後工作人員或動畫原畫及動畫製作人員、相關公司成員、鳴謝機構或人士、片尾曲詞曲歌手等。這些只是常例，依作品會有不同情形，片曲的情況和片頭一樣，也會使用個一季到兩季後就換歌曲。

此外，部分電視公司常將外購電視劇或動畫的片尾曲其剪片，或是不播出，情形較多。

[Edit] Pianwei Qu
Pianwei Qu (エンディンマー¥ ° Te /ソン¥ °, Ending Theme / Song, referred to as ED), television dramas, TV animation in the late drama (but often in the next set of notice, or some special pre-screen, sometimes directly stacked the final 12 seconds in the film begin playing, such as the Mobile Suit Gundam SEED series), and sometimes the number of more than one song. In the next issue of acoustic CD, and animation information will ED1, ED2, or Pianwei Qu 1, Pianwei Qu second-class to represent. The number of Pianwei Qu is usually more than the Opening theme. Pianwei Qu said frequently there are actors or voice message to a member or script writers, television dramas behind the scenes staff or animation of the original painting and animation production staff, relevant members of the company, thanks organization or person Pianwei Qu songwriters singers. These are just common practice, according to work will be different circumstances, conditions and片头Pianwei Qu, as will also use a quarter to two quarters after the change songs.

In addition, some television companies often will outsource its Pianwei Qu drama or animation, cut film, or not broadcast, the situation more.

Evangelion 2.0 - you can (not) Advance

Source:http://ent.msn.com.tw/movie/story.aspx?id=1030

日本超人氣動畫【福音戰士新劇場版：破】在日一推出，造成轟動，連續榮登兩週票房冠軍。上映兩天突破5億日幣，上映至今天17天，動員超過100多萬人次，累績至今的票房紀錄己達20億日幣，並締造單廳最高滿座率，勢如破竹，許多動畫迷視【福音戰士新劇場版】為日本當今最偉大的動畫。

Japan's ultra-popular animation 【Evangelion: 破】 a launch in Japan, causing a sensation, a row topped the box office winner for two weeks. Released two days breaking five billion yen, released today, 17 days to mobilize the more than 100 million, and have cumulative box office records so far have reached 20 billion yen, and create a single Office of the highest sold-out rates, irresistible force , Many animation fans as the 【Evangelion】 Japan of today's greatest animation.

OVA

OVA代表作

Original Video Animation [ə'rɪdʒənļ 'vɪdɪo ænə'meʃən] 縮寫 OVA

OVA，全稱Original Video Animation或Original Visual Animation，日式英文，直譯為「原創動畫錄影帶」。起初是OAV（Original Animation Video），在月刊Newtype強力宣導下OVA成為主流，現僅剩學研系動畫雜誌等仍用OAV。 OVA本指直接發行錄影帶而非在電視、電影等媒體上播放的動畫作品，但後來LD、VCD、DV等媒體逐漸普及，所以現時OVA中的「V」已不單純指錄影帶（Video Tape），而是泛指單獨發行的動畫作品，包括後來出現的OAD（Original Anime DVD/Disc）亦屬此類。

OVA, full title Original Video Animation or Original Visual Animation, the Japanese-style English, the literal translation is “the original animation videotape”. At first is OAV (Original Animation Video), OVA becomes the mainstream under the monthly publication Newtype force guidance, presently only remains study grinds is the animation magazine and so on still used OAV.

OVA originally points to directly publish a videotape rather than on TV, movie etc. the media up broadcast of animation work, but afterwards LD, VCD and DVD etc. the media are gradually universal, so"V" in nonce OVA already not pure point a videotape(Video Tape), but the animation work that indicates generally to publish alone, OAD(Original Anime DVD/Disc) that includes to afterwards appear also belongs to this kind.

片頭曲(OP)

Opening Theme (Op) ['opənɪŋ sɔŋ]片頭曲

片頭曲（オープニングテーマ/ソング， Opening Theme/Song， 簡稱OP）是電視劇或電視動畫劇初播放的樂曲、歌曲，（但日本動畫和電視劇常在前情提要前）。數目如多於一首歌的，在隨後發行的原聲CD、及動畫資料中會以OP1、OP2或主題曲（片頭曲）一、主題曲（片頭曲）二...等來表示。部份作品的片頭曲裡會顯示原作或編劇、導演、製作、贊助商、片頭曲詞曲歌手等訊息。有些沒有片尾曲的作品，會加上腳本、聲優或演員等（因此有像ONE PIECE片頭曲一樣長達2分30秒的）。這些只是常例，依作品會有不同情形，目前一首片頭曲通常會用13～26集（一季到兩季份），超長番的話有可能持續一年。

此外，部分電視公司在播放外購電視劇或動畫時會將其剪片，或是不播出，也有轉為其他歌曲的。

Opening theme (オ プ ニ ー ー マ ン ¥ ° Te / ソ ン ¥ °, Opening Theme / Song, abbreviated OP) is a television drama or animation music broadcast in early drama, songs, (but Japanese animation and TV dramas often in the former intelligence summary ago). If the number is more than one song, and in the subsequent release of the Soundtrack CD, and animation information will OP1, OP2 or theme songs (Opening theme) a theme song (Opening theme) 2 ... and so on to represent. The Opening theme where some work will show the original or a screenwriter, director, production, sponsors, Opening theme singer songwriters such as messages. Some are not Pianwei Qu's works, add the script, Sheng You, or actor, etc. (such as ONE PIECE Opening theme is therefore the same as long as 2 minutes 30 seconds). These are just common practice, according to work will be different circumstances, an Opening theme often present in 13 to 26 sets (one quarter to two quarters of copies), ultra-long fan, then there is likely to continue for one year.

In addition, some television companies in the broadcast television or animation outsourcing will be the cut when the film, or not broadcast, but also to other songs

背景音樂

Background music ['bæk.graυnd 'mjuzɪk] 背景音樂

背景音樂（Background music，簡稱BGM），也稱配樂，通常是指在電視劇、電影、動畫、電子遊戲、網站中用於調節氣氛的一種音樂，插入於對話之中，能夠增強情感的表達，達到一種讓觀眾身歷其境的感受。另外，在一些公共場合（如酒吧、咖啡廳、商場）播放的音樂也稱背景音樂。

BGM (Background music), also known as the soundtrack, usually refers to TV shows, movies, animation, electronic games, the site for regulating the atmosphere of a music, insert in its dialogue can enhance the expression of emotion, to a means of allowing the audience an immersive feel. In addition, in some public places (such as bars, cafes, shopping malls) where music is also known as background music.

High Morale Makes Creativity Cheap.

source:http://gigaom.com/2008/04/17/pixars-brad-bird-on-fostering-innovation/

Lesson Five: High Morale Makes Creativity Cheap

The Quarterly: It sounds like you spend a fair amount of time thinking about the morale of your teams.

Brad Bird: In my experience, the thing that has the most significant impact on a movie’s budget—but never shows up in a budget—is morale. [what’s true for a movie is true for a startup!] If you have low morale, for every $1 you spend, you get about 25 cents of value. If you have high morale, for every $1 you spend, you get about $3 of value. Companies should pay much more attention to morale.

第五季刊，高士氣讓你創造不費力!

這聽起來就像是，你該花多少時間去思考關於你隊伍的士氣

在我的經驗上，有一些事情對於電影預算有很大的影響，但是士氣卻不曾在這預算中出現，什麼對初創的點影公司來說是正確的，如果你的士氣低，你製作一塊錢的東西，你只能賺回25分，如果士氣高可以賺回三塊錢的價值，公司應該去花更多的時間注意士氣。

第六季刊，不要去守護你成功。諾言，除了士氣以外還有什麼東西是最重要的，對刺激創新來說。第一步，去達成這個不可能，先去相信這件不可能的事情能達成，你的作法不需要很保守，你做一些會讓自己嚇到的事情，這些事情是在你能力上可能會失敗的邊緣，那些事情會讓你在早上起床。

How do you build and lead a team?

source:http://gigaom.com/2008/04/17/pixars-brad-bird-on-fostering-innovation/

Lesson Four: Innovation Doesn’t happen in a Vacuum

The Quarterly: How do you build and lead a team?
Brad Bird: I got everybody in a room. This was different from what the previous guy had done; he had reviewed the work in private, generated notes, and sent them to the person… I said, “Look, this is a young team. As individual animators, we all have different strengths and weaknesses, but if we can interconnect all our strengths, we are collectively the greatest animator on earth. So I want you guys to speak up and drop your drawers. We’re going to look at your scenes in front of everybody. Everyone will get humiliated and encouraged together…

第四季刊，創新不會在真空的狀態下發生你要怎麼創立

去領導這個團體，我在這個機緣之下得到每個人，這跟先前的人做法是不一樣的，他自己在回顧這項工作，做出筆記，並且把這些筆送給別人，我說:這是一個年輕的團隊，做為一個獨特的人，我們都有不同的優缺點，但是我們可以聯合我們的優點，我們互補我們的優點，我們就是世界上最強的團隊。所以我想要你們說出來並敞開心胸，我們將在眾人面前看你的內心，我們將會得到汙辱跟鼓勵...

What sorts of things did you do differently?

source:http://gigaom.com/2008/04/17/pixars-brad-bird-on-fostering-innovation/

Lesson Two: Perfect is the Enemy of Innovation

The Quarterly: What sorts of things did you do differently?
Brad Bird: I had to shake the purist out of them—essentially frighten them into realizing I was ready to use quick and dirty “cheats” to get something on screen… I’d say, “Look, I don’t have to do the water through a computer simulation program… I’m perfectly content to film a splash in a swimming pool and just composite the water in.” I never did film the pool splash [but] talking this way helped everyone understand that we didn’t have to make something that would work from every angle. Not all shots are created equal. Certain shots need to be perfect, others need to be very good, and there are some that only need to be good enough to not break the spell.

第二季刊，完美是創新的敵人。

你做了那一類(A類)的事讓你有變化?
我曾經用那一類(A類)事情動搖了這些有修辭癖的學家，我會嚇唬那些有修辭癖的學家，不論用任何手段，去驚嚇那些學家直到在螢幕上出現該有的東西，看!我不一定要經過電腦模擬的計劃去做水，我非常的滿足的在一個水花，僅僅只是一個水進入泳池濺起的水花，我從來沒有拍攝過，在泳池裡水花的飛濺，但是談論這種方法，大家都明白，我們沒有必須去做任何角度拍攝的工作，不是所有的鏡頭都是一樣的，某些鏡頭需要拍的完美，其他的鏡頭不要太over就好。

How did your first project at Pixar—The Incredibles—shake things up?

source:http://gigaom.com/2008/04/17/pixars-brad-bird-on-fostering-innovation/

Lesson One: Herd Your Black Sheep

The Quarterly: How did your first project at Pixar—The Incredibles—shake things up?
Brad Bird: I said, “Give us the black sheep. I want artists who are frustrated. I want the ones who have another way of doing things that nobody’s listening to. Give us all the guys who are probably headed out the door.” A lot of them were malcontents because they saw different ways of doing things, but there was little opportunity to try them, since the established way was working very, very well. We gave the black sheep a chance to prove their theories, and we changed the way a number of things are done here.

第一季刊，聚集你的害群之馬

你在皮克斯理地一個計畫是啥麼?-(把這些不被信任的東西混在一起)給我這些失敗的藝術家，我想要有一個創新的方法去做那些事，則那些是沒人想要聽的，把全部這類人給我，誰可帶領我們走出這扇門，不滿那些失敗者的人，他們看不慣失敗者做事的方法，儘管這些事情值得一試，自從豎立這個方法經營的非常好之後，我們給這些失敗者一個機會，去證明他們的理論，可以用新的方法去改變這些說法。

G-Force

Source：http://www.disney.com.tw/bvi/Gforce/story.html

迪士尼2009年暑假熱門電影，結合真人實景和數位老鼠所完成的作品，由迪士尼和傑瑞布洛克海默共同合作，也是首部同時推出數位3D版的迪士尼非動畫類長篇劇情片。

Disney's 2009 summer hit movie, combined with live rats completed Virtual and digital works, by Disney and Jerry Bruckheimer co-operation, but also the Department has also introduced the first digital 3D version of Disney's non-animated full-length drama class film.

為了阻止邪惡富翁統治地球的計畫，美國政府秘密將四隻天竺鼠訓練成擁有高科技裝備的特務，由隊長「Darwin」（山姆洛克威爾配音）領軍，加上性感武術高手「Juarez」（潘妮洛普克魯茲配音）、武器專家「Blaster」（Tracy Morgan配音）和擅長電腦的「Speckles」（尼可拉斯凱吉配音）等成員，一同攜手拯救世界！

In order to stop the evil plan rich rule the Earth, the U.S. government secretly trained four guinea pigs, the agents have a high-tech equipment from the captain "Darwin" (Sam Rockwell voice) leader, together with sexy martial arts master "Juarez" ( Penelope Cruz dubbing), weapons experts "Blaster" (Tracy Morgan voice), and good at computers "Speckles" (Nicolas Cage voice) and other members, join hands to save the world!

Gini

source : http://www.pixar.com/artistscorner/andrew/interview.html


How do you animate characters in the computer?The characters are built on the computer as models. These models are then given avars. Avars are the controls assigned to each part of the model. There’s avars in the face, the limbs, etc. We use these avars as a puppeteer would use the strings on a puppet to get the desired movement. The movement of each avar on a character model gets recorded on the computer in distance and time. Adjustments are made accordingly until we are satisfied with the motion of the model.

你怎麼在電腦中作動畫的？

我們的人物都是在電腦裡面建立起來的模型，這些模型之後會加avars(animation variables，類似Maya之中Channel Box裡面的參數，或是Rig)上去，avars是那些放在人物各部分上面的控制器，臉部有avars，四肢也都有avars，我們使用這些avars來控制模型，就像傀儡師用線來控制傀儡一樣，我們不斷調整動作，這些avars的數字也同時不斷被電腦紀錄下來，直到我們滿意人物的表演為止

Avars(animation variables) 動畫變量 :是指變量控制動畫對象的部分位置，例如一個角色。

Gini

source : http://www.pixar.com/artistscorner/andrew/interview.html

It sounds fast-paced.We try to be creative but also work within the schedule of the shot. A shot sheet says how many frames a shot has and how much time you have to work on it. It’s important to work within the schedule allotted because the shot usually has to go through other aspects of film production, such as special effects, lighting and shading. In order for us to be able to put our movie out in time, we have to allow for time in each aspect of the production process but sometimes there are technical difficulties that happen that we can’t anticipate.

聽起來製作的節奏很快

我們在這樣的節奏中試著保持創造力，不過當然也要能夠準時完成鏡頭，鏡頭進度表(shot sheet)上頭會寫一個鏡頭有幾格，也會寫你有多少時間可以做，要能夠準時交出完成的鏡頭是非常重要的，因為之後鏡頭還得要打光或製作特效等等。所以要能夠準時完成影片，就得控制好進度，雖然常常也會有我們無法預期的技術問題發生。

Shot sheet: 鏡頭進度表， 表示一個鏡頭會有幾格，也會顯示你有多少時間可以完成

Skeletal Animation

Source：http://www.3d-canvas.com/3DCanvasDocumentation/tutorialskeletalanimation.htm

Skeletal Animation is a technique used to pose character models. A skeleton is embedded in, and attached to, a character model. Once the skeleton is attached, the character model becomes the skin. Posing the skeleton causes the skin to be deformed to match the position of the underlying bones.
骨骼動畫是一種用於構成角色模型的技術。將骨架嵌入，並連接到一個角色模組。一旦骨骼連接，角色模組就成了這個骨架的皮膚。而這模擬出來的骨架將是這一句角色模型變型的依據。

Skeletal Animation has a major advantage over jointed models in that a one piece mesh is used, so there are no seams.
骨骼動畫是利用模組的網格去做變型，對節理模型具有顯著優勢，所以沒有接縫。

環保動畫<鐵馬少年>

Source: http://www.cyberone.tw/ItemDetailPage/MainContent/05MediaContent.aspx?MMContentNoID=56668&MMMediaType=cti_customer

從現在開始看動畫也能學習節能減碳救地球的方法！搶搭現今最夯自行車運動風潮，曼迪傳播最新代理動畫《鐵馬少年》即將在3月全台首發DVD！動畫如其名，《鐵馬少年》就是以「自行車運動」為題材，正好搭上近來最夯的節能減碳風潮。
描寫一位誤打誤撞進了自行車部的少年，以環法自行車賽世界冠軍為目標的奮鬥故事。雖然一般人或許並不需要將騎自行車作為競賽目標，但故事中對例如正確騎車的方法、甚至是車輛零件等細節都有考究描繪，對於新手入門十分有幫助，而在《鐵馬少年》中除了鼓勵大家多騎單車減碳救地球外，在那揮灑著汗水的自行車競技背後，還蘊含了一種靠自身力量來挑戰自我極限的精神力量，而這就如同呼應了人們現在雖然身陷於不景氣當中，但只要自己肯努力，莫不能夠闖出自己的一片天！準備好關注你家的自行車了嗎？三月起就跟隨著《鐵馬少年》一同熱血上路吧！

From now on, to see animation can also learn from switching to energy-saving method of the earth! Rushing to ride the current wave of cycling's most rammer, Mandy spread of the latest proxy animated 《鐵馬少年》 is about starting in March in Taiwan DVD! Animation to its name, 《鐵馬少年》 is a "bicycle movement" as the theme, just to catch the most recent wave of hot products save energy and reduce carbon.